The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize. Each prize consists of a medal, personal diploma, and a cash award.

List of Nobel laureates in Physics

Laureate		Country	Rationale
	Charles K. Kao	China UK	"for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"
	Willard S. Boyle	Canada US	"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor"
	George E. Smith	US	"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor"

 

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